PRACTICAL
REASON
PRACTICAL REASON
PURE PRACTICAL REASONING
PRACTICAL REASONING RELATED TOPICS
PRACTICAL REASONING LINKS
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SECTION 1
PRACTICAL
REASON
In philosophy, practical reason is the use of reason to decide how to
act. This contrasts with theoretical reason (often called speculative
reason), which is the use of reason to decide what to follow. For
example: agents use practical reason to decide whether to build a
telescope, but theoretical reason to decide which of two theories of
light and optics is the best. Practical reason is understood by most
philosophers as determining a plan of action. Thomistic ethics defines
the first principle of practical reason as "good is to be done and
pursued, and evil is to be avoided." For Kant, practical reason has a
law-abiding quality because the categorical imperative is understood
to be binding one to one's duty rather than subjective preferences.
Utilitarians tend to see reason as an instrument for the satisfactions
of wants and needs.
In classical philosophical terms, it is very important to distinguish
three domains of human activity: theoretical reason, which investigates
the truth of contingent events as well as necessary truths; practical
reason, which determines whether a prospective course of action is worth
pursuing; and productive or technical reason, which attempts to find the
best means for a given end. Aristotle viewed philosophical activity as
the highest activity of the human being and gave pride of place to
metaphysics or wisdom. Since Descartes, practical judgment and reasoning
have been treated with less respect because of the demand for greater
certainty and an infallible method to justify beliefs.
In cognitive research, practical reason is the process of ignoring
unproductive possibilities in favor of productive possibilities.
It is considered a form of cognitive bias, because it is illogical.
An example would be calling all hospitals to look for your missing
child, but not checking morgues, as finding his corpse would be
'counter-productive.'
Practical reason
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Practical_reason
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SECTION 2
PURE
PRACTICAL
REASON
Pure practical reason is the opposite to impure
(or sensibly-determined) practical reason and
appears in Immanuel Kant's Groundwork of the
Metaphysic of Morals.
It is the reason that drives actions without any
sense dependent incentives. Human reasoning
chooses such actions simply because those actions
are good in themselves; this is the nature of good
will, which Kant argues is the only concept that
is good without any justification, it is good in
itself and is a derivative of a transcendental law
which affects the way humans practically reason.
Pure practical reason
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pure_practical_reason
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SECTION 3
PRACTICAL
REASON
RELATED
TOPICS
Critique of Practical Reason
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critique_of_Practical_Reason
Action theory (philosophy)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_theory_(philosophy)
Critique of Practical Reason
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critique_of_Practical_Reason
Philosophy of action
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_action
Phronesis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phronesis
Rationality
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rationality
Rationality and power
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rationality_and_power
Rhetorical reason
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhetorical_reason
Speculative reason
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculative_reason
Tacit knowledge
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacit_knowledge
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy
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SECTION 4
PRACTICAL
REASONING
LINKS
Critique of Practical Reason
http://www.lessonindex.com/Critique_of_Practical_Reason_by_Immanuel_Kant.htm
Critique of Practical Reason
http://www.lessonplanet.com/teachers/worksheet-critique-of-practical-reason--2
The Critique of Practical Reason
http://www.sharemylesson.com/teaching-resource/the-critique-of-practical-reason-6221056/
The Critique of Practical Reason
http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/5683
The First Principle of Practical Reason
http://www.nlnrac.org/contemporary/new-natural-law-theory/primary-source-documents/first-principle-of-practical-reason
Medieval Theories of Practical Reason
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/practical-reason-med/
Medieval Theories of Practical Reason
http://www.iep.utm.edu/prac-med/
Practical Professional Development
http://www.educationworld.com/a_admin/admin/admin382.shtml
Practical vs Pure Reason
http://forums.intpcentral.com/showthread.php?20448-Practical-vs-Pure-Reason
Practical Reason
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/practical-reason/
Practical Reason
http://www.philosophynews.com/post/2014/03/26/Practical-Reason.aspx
Practical Reason
http://www.merriam-webster.com/concise/practical%20reason
Practical Reason and the Structure of Actions
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/practical-reason-action/
Pure practical reason
http://www.freebase.com/m/043rzjl
Reason is a potent tool
http://practicalreason.com/
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